3-4. CAPABILITIES. Table 3-1 and Table 3-2 show capabilities of field artillery and mortars. Table 3-1. CAPABILITIES OF FIELD ARTILLERY WEAPON MAX RANGE (meters) MIN RANGE (meters) MAX RATE (rds per min) Burst Radius (meters) SUSTAINED RATE (rds per min) 105-mm Howitzer M119, Towed 14,000m 0m 6 for 2 min 35m 3 rounds for 30 min then 1 round per min 155-mm Howitzer M198, Towed 18m,100m 30,000m (RAP) 0m 4 for 3 min 2 for 30 min 50m 1 round per min temp dependent 155-mm Howitzer M109A6 SP 18m, 100m 30,000m (RAP) 0m 4 for 3 min 50m 1 round for 60 min 0.5 Table 3-2. CAPABILITIES OF MORTARS WEAPON MUNITION AVAILABLE MAX RANGE (meters) MIN RANGE (meters) MAX RATE (rds per min) Burst Radius (meters) SUSTAINED RATE (rds per min) 60mm HE,WP,Illum 3,500m (HE) 70 m (HE) 30 for 4 min 30 m 20 81mm HE,WP,Illum 5,600m (HE) 70 m (HE) 25 for 2 min 38 m 8 120mm HE,Smoke, Illum 7,200m (HE) 180 m (HE) 15 for 1 min 60 m 5 DANGER DANGER CLOSE 1. WHEN THE TARGET IS WITHIN 600 METERS OF ANY FRIENDLY TROOPS (FOR MORTARS AND FIELD ARTILLERY), ANNOUNCE DANGER CLOSE IN THE METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT PORTION OF THE CALL FOR FIRE. 2. WHEN ADJUSTING 5 INCH OR SMALLER NAVAL GUNS ON TARGETS WITHIN 750 METERS, ANNOUNCE DANGER CLOSE. FOR LARGER NAVAL GUNS, ANNOUNCE DANGER CLOSE FOR TARGETS WITHIN 1,000 METERS. FAILURE TO ADHERE TO THIS GUIDANCE CAN RESULT IN FRATRICIDE. 3. AVOID MAKING CORRECTIONS USING THE BRACKETING METHOD OF ADJUSTMENT, BECAUSE DOING SO CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH. USE ONLY THE CREEPING METHOD OF ADJUSTMENT DURING DANGER CLOSE MISSIONS. MAKE CORRECTIONS OF NO MORE THAN 100 METERS BY CREEPING THE ROUNDS TO THE TARGET. 3-5. RISK ESTIMATE DISTANCES. RED applies to combat only. Minimum safe distances (Table 3-3) apply to training IAW AR 350 1. RED takes into account the bursting radius of particular munitions and the characteristics of the delivery system. It associates this combination with a percentage representing the likelihood of becoming a casualty, that is, the percentage of risk. RED is defined as the minimum distance friendly troops can approach the effects of friendly fires without suffering appreciable casualties of 0.1 percent PI or higher.