Case Study: Japanese Flight 907 On January 31, 2001, shortly a昀琀er takeo昀昀 from Tokyo’s Haneda airport, Japan Airlines Flight 907 received instructions from air tra昀케c control (ATC) to begin descending – a common instruction given to pilots to keep multiple aircra昀琀 at a safe distance and avoid dangerous collisions. Shortly a昀琀er receiving that message, the plane’s Tra昀케c Control Avoidance System (TCAS) – an automated collision-avoidance system equipped on the aircra昀琀 and independent of ATC, instructed the pilots to continue ascending, contrary to ATC’s guidance. TCAS uses transponder signals emitted between multiple in-昀氀ight aircra昀琀 to detect the potential danger of a mid-air collision based on aircra昀琀 speed and altitude. The system will automatically notify each of the a昀昀ected aircra昀琀 if it detects they’re too close to one another and provide audible and visual instructions to the crews on how they need to maneuver to prevent collision. © CORITY SOFTWARE INC. 5